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A cactus is a type of plant belonging to the family Cactaceae. Cacti are known for their unique appearance, which includes thick, fleshy stems (stems modified as branches) and spines (modified leaves) that act as a defense mechanism against herbivores and to reduce water loss. The presence of spines also helps cacti to thrive in arid and desert regions where water availability is limited.

Cacti are well-adapted to survive in harsh environments with minimal water resources. They have a unique ability to store water in their stems, enabling them to survive long periods of drought. Some cacti also have specialized root systems that allow them to quickly absorb and store water when it becomes available.

Cacti are native to the Americas, primarily found in North and South America, from the southwestern United States to Argentina. There are numerous species of cacti, ranging from small, globular shapes to tall, columnar forms. Some cacti produce beautiful flowers, while others have adapted to living in extreme conditions where flowering is infrequent.

Cacti are popular as ornamental plants in gardens and indoor settings due to their interesting shapes, low maintenance requirements, and unique appearance. However, when cultivating cacti, it's important to provide them with the right growing conditions, including well-draining soil and appropriate sunlight exposure.

Overall, cacti are fascinating plants with remarkable adaptations that enable them to thrive in some of the most inhospitable environments on Earth.