History of Abkhazia - Аԥсны

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The history of Abkhazia, a region in the South Caucasus, spans more than 5,000 years from its settlement by the lower-paleolithic hunter-gatherers to its present status as a partially recognized state.

Abkhazia ( ab-KAH-zee-ə), officially the Republic of Abkhazia, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea, at the intersection of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It covers 8,665 square kilometres (3,346 sq mi) and has a population of around 245,000. Its capital and largest city is Sukhumi.

The political status of Abkhazia is a central issue of the Abkhaz–Georgian conflict and Georgia–Russia relations. While Abkhazia has been recognised as an independent state by Russia, Venezuela, Nicaragua, Nauru, and Syria, the Georgian government and nearly all United Nations member states consider Abkhazia a sovereign territory of Georgia. Lacking effective control over the Abkhazian territory, Georgia maintains an Abkhaz government-in-exile.

The region had autonomy within Soviet Georgia at the time when the Soviet Union began to disintegrate in the late 1980s. Simmering ethnic tensions between the Abkhaz—the region's titular ethnicity—and Georgians—the largest single ethnic group at that time—culminated in the 1992–1993 War in Abkhazia, which resulted in Georgia's loss of control over most of Abkhazia and the ethnic cleansing of Georgians from Abkhazia.

Despite a 1994 ceasefire agreement and years of negotiations, the dispute remains unresolved. The long-term presence of a United Nations Observer Mission and a Russian-led Commonwealth of Independent States peacekeeping force failed to prevent the flare-up of violence on several occasions. In August 2008, Abkhaz and Russian forces fought a war against Georgian forces, which led to the formal recognition of Abkhazia by Russia, the annulment of the 1994 ceasefire agreement and the termination of the UN mission. On 28 August 2008, the Parliament of Georgia declared Abkhazia a Russian-occupied territory, a position shared by most United Nations member states.

(Аԥсшәа)

Аԥсны Аҳәынҭқарра (аур. Республика Абхазия) — ҳәҭакла-зхаҵо аҳәынҭқарра Амшын Еиқәа алада-мрагыларатә ахықәаҿы шьҭоуп. Аԥсуаа ирыԥсадгьылуп. Аҩада-мраҭашәараҿы Аԥсныи Урыстәылеи, мрагылараҿы — Қырҭтәылеи аҳәаақәа иамоуп.

Аԥсны Ареспублика, Урыстәылатәи Афедерациеи (нанҳәамза 26, 2008), Никарагуеи (Цәыббрамза 5, 2008), Венесуелеи (Цәыббрамза 10, 2008), Науруи (ԥхынҷкәынмза 15, 2009), Шьамтәылатәи Арабтә Республикеи (лаҵарамза 29, 2018) азхарҵеит.

Аԥсны бжь-ҭоурыхтә дгьылк (бжьиаҵәак аҳәынҭқарратә абираҟаҿы гәаларыршәоит) — Саӡен, ԥсҳәы-Аибга, Бзыԥын, Гәма, Абжьыуа, Дал-Ҵабал, Самырзаҟан-гьы — рмоуп.

Аҵанакы — 8665 км².

Аҳәынҭқарра иаланхо — 242 000-ҩык. (2016 ш.).