it is reflection on the nature of mental phenomena

Philosophy the rational, abstract, and methodical consideration of reality as a whole or of fundamental dimensions of human existence and experience.

Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Such questions are often posed as problems to be studied or resolved.

Philosophy is often concerned with the most general questions about the nature of things: What is the nature of beauty? What is it to have genuine knowledge? What makes an action virtuous or an assertion true? Such questions can be asked with respect to many specific domains, with the result that there are whole fields devoted to the philosophy of art (aesthetics), to the philosophy of science, to ethics, to epistemology (the theory of knowledge), and to metaphysics .

Knowledge acquisition involves complex cognitive processes: perception, communication, and reasoning;while knowledge is also said to be related to the capacity of acknowledgement in human beings.

The term was coined by Pythagoras ( 570-495 ). Philosophical methods comprise critical conversation, questioning, rational argument, and demonstration.

The philosophy of science investigates scientific knowledge and scientific practice. It deals with knowing, among other things, how scientific theories are developed, evaluated and changed, and whether science is capable of revealing the truth of the "hidden" entities and the processes of nature. The various basic propositions that make it possible to construct science are philosophical.

Philosophy of mind, reflection on the nature of mental phenomena and especially on the relation of the mind to the body and to the rest of the physical world.